
Vehicle Insurance in India
Vehicle insurance in India is a type of general insurance that provides financial protection to vehicle owners against losses or damages arising from accidents, theft, natural disasters, or third-party liabilities. It is mandatory under the Motor Vehicles Act, 1988 for all vehicles operating on Indian roads.
Types of Vehicle Insurance Policies
Types of Vehicle Insurance in India:
Third-Party Liability Insurance (Mandatory)
• Covers legal liability for damages or injuries to a third party (person/property).
• It Does not cover the insured vehicle’s damage.
• Required by law for all vehicle owners.
Comprehensive Insurance
• Covers third-party liability plus own damage (accidents, fire, theft, natural calamities).
• Optional, but recommended for complete protection.
Key Inclusions in Comprehensive Plans:
• Accidents
• Theft
• Fire & explosion
• Natural calamities (floods, earthquakes)
• Man-made events (riots, strikes)
• Personal accident cover for the owner-driver
Key Exclusions:
• Regular wear and tear
• Driving without a valid license or under intoxication
• Mechanical/electrical breakdown
• Usage outside of geographical limits
Add-Ons Available (for extra premium):
• Zero depreciation cover
• Roadside assistance
• Engine protection
• Return to invoice
• NCB (No Claim Bonus) protection
Renewal & Claims:
• Policies are typically renewed annually.
• Claims can be cashless (at network garages) or reimbursement-based.
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Key Definitions as per IRDA
Represents the current market value of the vehicle and serves as the basis for claim settlement in case of theft or total loss. Determines the premium. Defines the maximum claim amount. A lower IDV reduces premiums but may lead to lower claim payouts.
A discount for not making any claims during the policy term, rewarding safe driving.
Applicable only on Own Damage (OD) Premium.
Increases with consecutive claim-free years, up to 50%.
Transferable when switching insurers.
Lapses if a claim is made or policy isn’t renewed within 90 days of expiry.
NCB Discount Slab:
1 year: 20%
2 years: 25%
3 years: 35%
4 years: 45%
5+ years: 50%


Add-On Covers
Key Features of Engine Protection Cover
• Coverage: Typically includes repair or replacement costs for internal engine parts like pistons, crankshaft, cylinder head, and gearbox components due to damages from water ingress, oil leakage, or accidental undercarriage impacts. 
• Exclusions: Generally excludes damages due to regular wear and tear, negligence (e.g., attempting to start a water-logged engine), and pre-existing engine issues.
• Claim Conditions: Some insurers may require that the vehicle be repaired at authorized workshops to avail full claim benefits. For instance, certain policies stipulate that if repairs are done at non-authorized workshops, the insurer’s liability may be limited to a percentage (e.g., 75%) of the assessed claim amount. 
• Impact on No Claim Bonus (NCB): Filing a claim under this add-on may affect the NCB of your base policy. 
Consumables include:
• Engine oil
• Coolant
• Brake oil
• Lubricants
• Nuts, bolts, screws
• Grease
• AC gas
• Bearings, washers, clips, etc.
These items are excluded in standard comprehensive insurance, which only covers major parts and labor.
⸻ Key Features of Return to Invoice Cover: .
Coverage: Pays the original invoice value (on-road price) of the car, including road tax and registration fees, instead of just the depreciated IDV. .
When it Applies: Only in case of total loss, constructive total loss, or irrecoverable theft. .
Eligibility:Usually available for vehicles up to 3 years old (varies by insurer) .
Replacement Benefit: Some insurers even offer replacement of a brand new vehicle of same make & model. .
Add-On Premium: Generally a small % of total premium (varies by car value and insurer) .
⸻ What is Third-Party Insurance?
Third-party insurance protects the vehicle owner (policyholder) from legal and financial liabilities arising from:
1. Injury or death of a third person (including pedestrians, passengers, other drivers)
2. Damage to third-party property (e.g., another vehicle, wall, shop, etc.)
It does not cover the policyholder’s own vehicle or personal injury.
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